Texas FFA Nursery Landscape Practice Exam

What is an important step in properly composting landscape refuse?

1. Treat each layer with pesticide to control insects and weeds

2. Make only small piles to keep the material cool

3. Thoroughly moisten each layer of material

4. Exclude as much air as possible from the compost pile

The correct answer is: Thoroughly moisten each layer of material

Thoroughly moistening each layer of material is essential in the composting process because moisture plays a crucial role in helping microorganisms break down organic matter. Water is vital for microbial activity, as most useful microorganisms require a certain level of moisture to thrive and effectively decompose the materials within the compost pile. When materials are appropriately moistened, it encourages a healthy balance of bacteria and fungi, leading to efficient composting and the production of nutrient-rich compost. However, too much moisture can lead to anaerobic conditions, which can slow down decomposition and create unpleasant odors. Hence, the right moisture level promotes optimal decomposition while ensuring that the composting process remains aerobic and efficient. In contrast, treating layers with pesticide runs counter to the organic principles of composting and may harm the beneficial microorganisms that aid in decomposition. Making only small piles can lead to cooling conditions, which are not conducive to the thermophilic bacteria that thrive in warmer, more substantial compost heaps. Lastly, excluding air from the compost pile can cause anaerobic conditions, leading to slower decomposition and foul smells. Therefore, ensuring adequate moisture is a critical and positive step in the composting process.