Texas FFA Nursery Landscape Practice Exam

What term describes dead, decaying plant and animal material in the soil?

1. The microorganisms that are present in the soil

2. Soil reaction

3. Soil texture

4. Organic matter

The correct answer is: Organic matter

The term that describes dead, decaying plant and animal material in the soil is organic matter. Organic matter is essential for soil health, as it plays a critical role in nutrient cycling, improving soil structure, and enhancing moisture retention. This material contributes to the overall fertility of the soil, providing a habitat for various microorganisms that promote soil health and plant growth. The presence of organic matter is crucial for microbial activity and serves as a source of energy for soil organisms. It also helps in binding soil particles together, which improves aeration and drainage, making it easier for roots to grow and access nutrients.