Texas FFA Nursery Landscape Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes a characteristic of dead plant material in soil?

1. It is primarily composed of minerals

2. It contributes to soil fertility

3. It hinders root growth

4. It causes soil acidity

The correct answer is: It contributes to soil fertility

Dead plant material in soil, often referred to as organic matter, plays a significant role in enhancing soil fertility. When plants die, their tissues decompose, and the breakdown process releases essential nutrients back into the soil. This nutrient recycling is critical for supporting the growth of new plants. Organic matter improves soil structure, enhances moisture retention, and fosters a healthy environment for beneficial soil organisms, all of which contribute to increased fertility. This characteristic highlights the importance of maintaining a balanced ecosystem within the soil, where decomposed plant material serves as a valuable resource for sustenance and support of new life. The other choices do not accurately represent the role of dead plant material in soil. For instance, while it may contain some minerals, it is not primarily composed of them. Dead plant material does not hinder root growth; rather, it typically encourages healthy root development by improving soil structure. Additionally, while decomposition can lead to some changes in soil pH, the presence of dead plant material is not specifically a cause of soil acidity; it depends on many other factors, including the type of plant material and the surrounding environmental conditions.